Pdf development of a machzehnder modulator photonic local. Performance evaluation of radiooverfibre systems using mach. A mach zehnder modulator is used for controlling the amplitude of an optical wave. Our research adopted a bottomup approach to consider highspeed optical links using an eye diagram. Schematic view of a michelson interferometer reported by j. Fibercoupled intensity, phase, or iq modulators for speeds up to 40 ghz can be driven by our eo modulator. The effects of noise sources and channels for the rof link at distances of 30, 60. Schematic of a generic machzehnder amplitude modulator with two phase modulating paths showing the phase modulation and interference blocks. Dualdrive machzehnder modulator how is dualdrive mach.
External modulators and mathematical modeling ofmach zehnder. Several optimizing strategies are given for reducing the microwave loss and improving the velocity match. Machzehnder interferometer an overview sciencedirect topics. Modulator basics mach zehnder interferometer modulator vt electrode a b in c out d b linbo 3 eo substrate a waveguide. Any bias point control technique for machzehnder modulator. Frontiers highspeed carrierdepletion silicon machzehnder. High speed silicon machzehnder modulator ling liao, dean samararubio, michael morse, ansheng liu, dexter hodge intel corporation, sc12326, 2200 mission college blvd. Pdf with many advantages compared to traditional sensors, optical fiber sensors have.
Thorlabs mach zehnder interferometer clock box subassemblies are designed to be used inside a swept source oct system with a central wavelength of either 850 nm or 0 nm. Such a modulator is called machzehnder intensity electrooptic modulator or simply machzehnder modulator mzm. Higher switching speed up to 4050 gbs is also demonstrated in devices with shorter phase shifters which require higher drive voltages but have lower insertion losses. A versatile any point bias control scheme for the mach zehnder modulator is proposed. An electrooptic modulator eom is an optical device in which a signalcontrolled element exhibiting an electrooptic effect is used to modulate a beam of light. The experimental results suggest a packaged modulator. Design and evaluation of machzehnder modulator 1 design and evaluation of machzehnder modulator. The mach zehnder interferometer is frequently used in the fields of aerodynamics, plasma physics and heat transfer to measure pressure, density, and temperature changes in gases. External modulators and mathematical modeling ofmach. It the interferometer of choice for visualizing flow in wind tunnels and for flow visualization studies in general. Mach zehnder modulator mzm is the most preferred modulator used in rof systems.
Linbo 3 modulators are based on the electrooptic effect, inp modulators are based mainly on the quantumconfined stark effect, and silicon modulators are based on carrier depletion. View mach zehnder interferometer ppts online, safely and virusfree. Modulation of 87 gbaud was demonstrated with a dualparallel machzehnder modulator. It functions as a modulation circuit, with an integrated control op amp externally programmed by a dc. The onchip insertion loss is 9 db due to the use of a 6 mmlong phase shifter. Our method leverages on modular mapping of electrical characteristics to optical characteristics, while attaining the required accuracy necessary for device footprint approaching submicron scales where. We can enhance the bandwidth of the response by using thin substrate. The machzehnder interferometer is an experimental arrangement, independently developed by ludwig mach and ludwig zehnder. Since it is a dual driven device, the linb machzehnder modulator can be setup to include settings for the bias voltages and the amplitudes of the modulation voltages. Modulator dp mzm implementation as single sideband suppressed carrier ssbsc. Freespace amplitude, phase, or resonant modulators can operate at speeds up to 100 mhz.
Machzehnder interferometers are used in electrooptic modulators, electronic devices used in various fiberoptic communication applications. The internal fiber couplers are optimized for flat wavelength responses and coupling losses that have a very low polarization dependence, which make the output signals. Jul 29, 2019 a mach zehnder modulator is used for controlling the amplitude of an optical wave. A new, compact model for highspeed electrooptic modulators. Machzehnder michelson sagnac interferometer fabryperot interferometer interferometers is an optical instrument that splits a wave into two waves using a beam splitter and delays them by unequal distances, redirect them using mirrors, recombine them using another beam splitter and detect the intensity of their superposition. Performance analysis of rof link using machzehnder. An electrooptic switch is a device used in integrated fibre optics. It uses the mach zehnder interferometer principle in waveguides, enabling you to transmit signals with. If a voltage is applied across one of the arms, a phase shift is induced for the wave passing through that arm.
The modulation may be imposed on the phase, frequency, amplitude, or polarization of the beam. Dec 16, 2014 this paper presents new experimental data from a lateral pn junction silicon mach zehnder optical modulator. We developed a way of predicting and analyzing high speed optical modulator. Here the thicknesses of the beamsplitters and the re. Iq or intensity mach zehnder supported modulation formats all, no dependency max. Development of a machzehnder modulator photonic local. We need it to produce low loss, give us a 5050 split of power through the two output arms, and be used as a spatial switch. In this work, eye diagram is generated by simulating the behavior of a single drive mach zehnder modulator.
A mach zehnder modulator is used to control the amplitude of an optical wave which is given to it. Active stabilization of single drive dual parallel machzehnder. The optical machzehnder interferometer in classical. The above issues have been solved as follows in the present approach. Frontiers silicon optical modulator simulation physics. An interferometer is an optical device which utilizes the effect of interference.
Mar 21, 2016 each material system uses a different physical property to modulate the light intensity in such a travelingwave mach zehnder iq modulator. Dualdrive mach zehnder modulator how is dualdrive mach zehnder modulator. The optical wave enters from the input side and then splits equally into two arms. The max3942 is designed to drive highspeed optical modulators at data rates up to 10. In contrast to the wellknown michelson interferometer, each of the wellseparated light paths is traversed only. Diagram of a simple mach zehnder interferometer, ignoring the thickness of the beamsplitters. Such a modulator is called mach zehnder intensity electrooptic modulator or simply mach zehnder modulator mzm. Apr 08, 2014 a mach zehnder modulator with an applied voltage on one of the interferometer arms. Abstractwe demonstrate a 40 gbits silicon machzehnder optical modulator driven by a differential voltage of 0. Pdf design, fabrication, and characterization of mach. Jun 30, 2010 frequency response of each machzehnder interferometer is also very important to achieve highspeed signals.
A mach zehnder modulator bias controller based on oma and average power monitoring minhyeong kim, byungmin yu, student member, ieee, and wooyoung choi, member, ieee abstractwe demonstrate an integrated circuit ic implemented in 28nm cmos technology for mach zehnder modulator. Performance analysis of rof link using machzehnder modulator. We demonstrate a singledrive pushpull silicon mach zehnder modulator mzm with a. The second option is using the linb machzehnder modulator which is a more detailed model. High speed silicon mach zehnder modulator ling liao, dean samararubio, michael morse, ansheng liu, dexter hodge intel corporation, sc12326, 2200 mission college blvd. The fresnel equations for reflection and transmission of a wave at a dielectric imply that there is a phase change for a reflection, when a wave propagating in a lower refractive index medium reflects from a higherrefractive index medium, but not in the opposite case. Compact machzehnder acoustooptic modulator core reader. Aug 17, 2015 performance of different mach zehnder interferometer mzi structures on optical modulator duration. Optimizing machzehnder modulator designs with comsol.
Media in category mach zehnder interferometer the following 26 files are in this category, out of 26 total. Highspeed lowvoltage singledrive pushpull silicon mach. Modulator dpmzm implementation as single sideband suppressed carrier ssbsc. Park har hotzvim, jerusalem, 91031, israel ulrich d. Implementation of mach zehnder modulator based all optical gates. The mach zehnder modulator with the phase shifter has a fibertofiber loss of 9db. Mach zehnder modulator plays major role in fiber optic network and it had been designed with various materials like linbo 3, semiconductors, and polymers etc. Thorlabs selection of electrooptic eo modulators includes freespace and fibercoupled linbo3 modulators. Frequencytuning dual comb spectroscopy using silicon mach. Schematic of a generic mach zehnder amplitude modulator with two phase modulating paths showing the phase modulation and interference blocks. Presentation mode open print download current view. Suppose we want to design a mach zehnder modulator.
Pdf design and evaluation of machzehnder modulator 1 design. Diagram of a simple machzehnder interferometer, ignoring the thickness of the beamsplitters. Using this model, you can define the insertion loss, extinction ratio, v. Dualcomb spectroscopy using a silicon mach zehnder modulator is reported for the first time. The global amplitude modulator is simulated by two separate devices. Interferometers are widely used in science and industry for the measurement of small displacements, refractive ind. We also offer liquid crystal eo modulators for speeds up to 2. Highspeed carrierdepletion silicon machzehnder optical. The input waveguide is split up into two waveguide interferometer arms. The machzehnder interferometer is an experimental arrangement, independently developed by ludwig mach and ludwig zehnder around, which. In the figure below, the blue curve represents the power in the arm located in the positive x region calculated over a circular area of the same extension as the waveguide core. The most popular modulator in optical communication systems is the lithium niobate linbo3 mach zehnder modulator mzm. More sophisticated version of the machzehnder interferometer diagram.
Intensity distribution in the machzehnder modulator stacked xy slices finally, the power in each core can also be independently traced during a calculation. The pin machzehnder modulator is operated in forward bias mode. Optical simulation of a machzehnder modulator beamlab. The jenoptik integrated optical amplitude modulator is a fibercoupled electrooptical light modulator. First, the properties of frequency combs generated by silicon modulators are assessed in terms of. We demonstrate a singledrive pushpull silicon machzehnder modulator mzm with a.
The performance of the device which has its pn junction positioned in the center of the waveguide is then compared to previously. The mzm is used for controlling the amplitude of optical wave by applying voltage that introduced. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext. We present a study on a singledrive dualparallel machzehnder. Such unprecedented bandwidth performance in silicon is achieved through improvements in material quality, device design, and driver circuitry. Both modulators are based on lateral pn junction fabricated in a mach zehnder interferometer mzi configuration. Analysis of optical arbitrary waveform generation based on timedomain synthesis in a dualparallel machzehnder modulator.
Development of an 80 gbits inpbased machzehnder modulator. We demonstrate a silicon modulator with an intrinsic bandwidth of 10 ghz and data transmission from 6 gbps to 10 gbps. Intensity distribution in the mach zehnder modulator stacked xy slices finally, the power in each core can also be independently traced during a calculation. High speed operation up to 52gbits is also presented. Machzehnder modulators are incorporated in monolithic integrated circuits and offer wellbehaved, highbandwidth electrooptic amplitude and phase responses over a multiplegigahertz frequency range. In this work, integrated inpbased electrooptical machzehnder modulators with capacitively loaded travelingwave electrode are developed and characterized. The onchip insertion loss is 9 db due to the use of a 6 mm.
Analysis of optical arbitrary waveform generation based on time. I need to generate two carrier frequency by driving the mach zehnder modulator at optical carrier suppression modulation point. The ratio of firstorder harmonic and average output power was used as feedback signal. At an operating voltage of more than 1 v, a significant amount of current will flow through the device which will contribute to joule heating. Apprehension of parity generator through array of mach. Aug 22, 2019 media in category mach zehnder interferometer the following 26 files are in this category, out of 26 total.
Machzehnder modulator drivers 100 davids drive, hauppauge, ny 11788 tel 631 4367400 fax. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download full. The performance of rof system depends upon various parameters of mach zehnder modulator mzm like rf bias, bias. A machzehnder modulator is used for controlling the amplitude of an optical wave. The rf signal is externally modulated using the machzehnder modulator mzm. A b source of photons 50% reflector 100% reflector figure 2. Integrated machzehnder interferometerbased modulators for. The mach zehnder check interferometer is a highly configurable instrument. Mach is the son, ludwig, of the man, ernst, who proposed mach s principle and for whom a unit for the measurement of the speed of sound is named. It functions as a modulation circuit, with an integrated control op amp externally programmed by a dc voltage.
13 110 215 843 622 1228 996 843 910 822 605 1211 544 1446 1134 56 62 1364 1426 1349 1145 979 561 847 1482 955 1503 424 440 368 845 362 1053 1166 1222 1415 25 84 675 1133 236 1308 1289